Common Wall Substrates
china Manufactured stone veneer can be applied to most common wall substrates – concrete masonry units (CMU), poured-in-place concrete walls, metal studs, metal panels, wood sheathing, open stud framing as well as rigid insulation. This section illustrates the appropriate application of stone veneer onto prepared scratch coat surfaces. The wall diagrams are to be used as reference only as all substrate construction should be designed to meet prevailing local building codes. The following is a brief review of some of the technical requirements for each substrate material and wall system.
Concrete
china Manufactured stone veneer can be applied to clean, unpainted CMU block surfaces. It can also be applied over horizontally scored scratch coat. The installer should ensure a clean surface by spraying water on the block to see if the water beads. If so, additional treatment such as sandblasting or powerwashing, may be required for installation. If the CMU cannot be cleaned properly, metal lath may need to be installed using concrete nails or screws and a scratch coat applied to the lath before placing the veneer. The stone veneer is hand placed in a mortar setting bed by the installer.
A common use of china Manufactured stone veneer is to add it to the face of a retaining wall above the ground plane. Below-grade installations can lead to efflorescence, spalling and discoloration from minerals in the soil. For installations at grade, sealing the stone will minimize the potential for stains. Retaining walls should be designed and engineered for the environment. Dependent on the climate, the design professional will specify the proper mortar and cement mixtures to resist freeze and thaw constraints. Common practices for detailing retaining walls include the protection of surface water into the system by wall caps that extend beyond the wall edges from 1 in. to 2 in. minimum. This applies to any retaining wall with a stone veneer surface as well. Typically, the side of the wall that faces the earth is coated with a bitumen surface, and soil engineers will specify drainage materials, piping and/or a drainage mat to reduce the pressure on the wall from moisture accumulation.
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